Page Four

THE ADVOCATE

THE ADVOCATE

_ (formerly The People’s Advocate)
Published Weekly by the Advocate Publishing Association, Roont 20

163 West Hastings Street, Vancouver, B.C. Phone TRinity 2019:
EDITOR - HAL GRIFFIN

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Vancouver, B.C., Friday, September 29, 1939

Why Poland Was Defeated

Warsaw is reported as having surrendered, but the words
of Warsaw’s mayor broadcast to the world on September 20th
are still ringing in the minds of millions of people who heard
or read them.

“When will effective help from Britain and France come
to relieve us? We are waiting for it.” Such was Warsaw's
agonizing query in reply to the message of admiration previ-
ously received from London. Who can ever forget it, or fail
to understand why, as the press reported, the Warsaw radio
station broadcast an appeal next day to the British labor party?
Now Warsaw has surrendered.

Poland’s defeat is due to no lack of courage or bravery on
the part of the Polish people. The defense of Warsaw against
the most overwhelming odds is the proof of that.

When the colonels who ruled Poland for twenty years last
week deserted across the border after having irresponsibly
delivered their people in blood to Hitler, they rounded out two
decades of ignominy.

The world knows the Poland of history as a gallant people
who fought for two centuries for national independence, whose
sons spilled their blood everywhere in Europe and America
where peoples battled tyranny.

That tradition was carried forward in the last three weeks
by the rank and file of the Polish nation. It lived again when
the men, women and children of Warsaw manned the streets
and drove the Nazi hordes beyond the city.

But the military leaders who first refused Soviet offers of
aid, then did nothing to protect the western frontiers, then
retreated shamefully back and back leaving the Civilian popu-
lation to its fate, disorganized the army and finally deserted
from the country—have in their twenty years of reign be-
smirched all that the great heroes of the Poland of yore ever
stood for.

At its very re-birth after the Great War, these spur-jangling
colonels led Foland into a war of conquest into Ukraine.
Gaining Poland’s own independence, they proceeded to
enslave the Ukrainian and Byelo Russian minorities whose
territories they grabbed.

They abetted and organized beastly pogroms against the
Jews in Poland.

They carried out a fascist coup detat and destroyed democ-
racy in Poland, long before even Hitler came to power in
Germany.

They grabbed Vilno from
Czecho-Slovakia lay prostrate,
happy republic.

They flew for constant consultation to Berlin, egging on
the Nazi monster for war against the Soviet Union.

It is with this criminal record behind them, that they
brought about the situation where Poland herself was marked
as the next victim of the Nazi war-makers. And the colonels
played their rotten game out to the very end, delivering the
country up to Hitler and deserting like scared rabbits across
the Roumanian border.

The Ukrainian and Byelo Russian minorities in what was
Poland have found protection in the Soviet Union, which came
in to save them from the murderous Nazi occupation. And the
USSR is striving to exert its influence to save the peace and
independence of Poland proper—insofar as it can be done by a
neutral neighbor in the midst of war.

When Hitlerism is smashed and a democratic peace is
established in Europe, a new Poland will arise in the family of
democratic nations. This Poland will not oppress other na-
tions, will not be led by swashbuckling, cowardly, plotting
colonels, but will be governed by the brave Polish people
themselves. The dream of Kosciuszko will come true at last.

the Lithuanians, and, when
tore a chunk out of that un-

State Canada’s War Aims

HE British ministry of information has been and is being
subjected to a great deal of criticism in the British press

and parliament. It is a good sign that even in black-out London
political discussion and criticism is possible. It would be an
immediate danger signal to all labor and progressive organiza-
tions if it were gagged or prohibited.

If people in London are critical and dissatisfied with the
activities of the ministry of information, we in Canada can
hardly be surprised.

What, for example, are we to make of the following recent
dispatch:

The information ministry announced last night the British
Government “has not yet made known a precise definition of its
war aims,’ which it said a German brozdcast had listed as the
restoration of Poland, Czechoslovakia and Austria, and Polish an-
nexation of Danzig.

Terming the German report “completely without foundation,”
the ministry said Prime Minister Chamberlain had made clear
“certain fixed principles” of Great Britain’s war aims. Mr. Cham-
berlain has Peiterated his aim is to smash “Hitlerism.”

The people of Canada are being asked (told would be. bet-
ter) to send an expeditionary force to Hurope. There are de-
mands from certain circles to introduce conscription of man-
Surely Canadians are entitled to know specifically
and clearly what war aims their government is pursuing.

M. J. Coldwell, federal leader of the CCF, was a thousand
times right when in his speech in the House of Commons he

stated:

The Prime Minister yesterday told us that the allies were fighting
for freedom throughout the world and to stop aggression, but it
seems to me that this is not enough. Substantially, that it what we
were told in 1914. For the defeat of Germany in this war will alene
guarantee neither of these things. The last preat war proved that.
We were told then that it was 4 struggle to preserve the sanctity of
treaties, to end Prussian militarism, and to secure democracy in
the future. These were the aims of that war, the war of 1914-18,
but the war did none of these things; on the contrary, it left us with
the seeds of the present conflict.

Before we are asked to approve the speech from the throne we
should be informed, it seems to Me, without evesion, without
equivocation or mental reservation, what our peace aims are—
because I prefer so to describe them.

(Hansard, September 9, 1939, pp. 64-65).

power.

AN ODEN LETTER

Alderman Stewart Smith States Case To Toronto Electors

AS a member of Toronto city council as a private citizen the right to disagree with the
foreign policy of the British government and to urge a change in that policy which in his
opinion would help safeguard the national security of the British and Canadian peoples?
I place that question before you and ask you to give a fair and unprejudiced answer to it.

Before the tragic outbreak of war, I made a public addres

with the foreign policy of Mr. Chamberlain, prime minister

said in criticism of Mr. Chamber-
lain has been said a hundred
times in much stronger language
by such men as Mr. David Lloyd
George, Mr. Anthony Eden, Mr.
Winsten Churchill, and Mr. Duff
Cooper, and many other public
men in Great Britain. in the
address I said that in my opinion
the policies of Mr. Chamber-
lain’s government had led to the
undermining of collective secur-
ity in Europe and urged that
action Should be taken without a
moment’s delay to re-establish
collective security. I appealed to
Prime Minister Mackenzie King
to urge such a change upon the
British government.

Now after war has broken out,,
certain members of the City Coun-
cil whose undemocratic and injur-
ious policies in civic Povernment I
have opposed and who have lon:
desired to “get rid” of me, are
seizing upon this public address,
made when we still had peace, to
charge me with “anti-British
ideas,” being “an agent of a for-
eign power,’ etce., and on these

false charges to force me out of
the city council.

At a time when the Canadian
people are uniting in their resolve
against barbarous Hitlerism, these
elements are creating disruption.
We should not have to discuss an
issue like this at a time like the
present. But apparently, there are
these who wish to exploit this
hour of grave National crisis to
achieve by undemocratic and un-
fair means the aim of their petty
reactionary ward politics which
they could not achieve by fair
means in the past.

My views on the foreign policy
of our own government and Mr.
Chamberlain’s government are

not “anti-British ideas’’ but are
pro-British ideas.
e

URING the past eight years

since war began — and the

present war is a continuation —
by the invasion of Manchuria by
Japan, followed by fascist inva-
sion of Ethiopia, Spain, Austria,
Czechoslovakia and Albania, If
and my associates have never
ceased to point out that peace
could only be maintained by liy-
ing up to the covenant of the
League of Nations and establish-
ing a collective action agreement
between the nations desiring
peace against aggression.
Everything I have ever said or
done to influence foreign policy
has been said and done because f
Sincerely believed it would
strengthen and help save the
peace and national security of the
British and Canadian peoples.
My opponents in municipal pol-
jitics see an advantage for them-
selves in making a charge whicn
I believe they know to be untrue,
namely, that I am in some way

“an agent of a foreign country.”
Weedless to say, IL mever have
had and have not now any con-
nection, direct or indirect, with
any foreign country. I am a Can-
adian and I love my country with
its heroic traditions of struggle
for democracy and its unbounded
possibilities of a happy and pros-
perous life for its people.
Those who talk loudest about
their loyalty are often the least

loyal. Those who have brought
unemployment, misery and suf-
fering to millions of Canadians
through their greed for profit
will be found among the self-
styled “patriots.”

We Canadians do not want
their kind of “patriotism” in the
present war.

e

Nez that war has broken out,
you and fT and the majority
ef Canadians are deadly serious
in our resolve that it is to be a
different kind of war. We have
one aim and only one aim: The
overthrow of Hitlerism. Hitlerism
is fascism. Fascism means un-
employment, forced labor, low
wages, suppression of trade un-
ions, race hatred and degradation
enforced upon the people by Biz
Capital with terroristic means. In
resolving to see the overthrow of
Hitlerism abroad, we are well
aware that there are many re-
actionary groups here promoting
Canadian Hitlerism and bringing
to our Canada the evils of en-
forced poverty amidst plenty
which is the very essence of Hit-
lerism.

Our fight against Hitlerism can
only be carried on with maximum
strength if we make democracy
work in Canada to abolish unem-
ployment, low wages, suppression
of trade union rights and to over—
come the power of reactionary
capitalist forces to block our na-
tional progress. Only thus can we
unite in this erucial hour of our
history.

I have fought by word and deed
for many years against Hitler-
ism. i have exposed the WNazi
spies and agents operating in our
city. IT have exposed the danger
which they represent in Canada-
You know that there cannot be
a shadow of doubt cast upon my
integrity in the fight against Hit
lerism.

°

HAT is not true of my oppon-
ents, of those who would now
like to get me out of the way-
Alderman Balfour, the mover
of the motion against me in the
city council, has a background of
friendship with fascism. As
chairman of the separate school
board, he permitted fascist
schools to be conducted in the
school building. When our Can-
adian boys were in Spain fight
ing one of the ereatest battles

s in which I took sharp issue

of Great Britain. All that I

for democracy against fascism,
he was supporting the fascists.
Gonsider the position of the
other reactionaries. Mayor Day,
as chairman of the police com-
mission, should give an explana-
tion to the public as to why the
fascists were allowed ta carry on
Inilitary drilling in Toronto for
a long time past contrary to Sec-
tion 99 of the Criminal Code and
with the full knowledge of the
police. Col. Drew should explain
this articles which extolled the
virtues of Hitler and called him

a “man of peace.”
e

fo are now at war with Hitler-

ism. These reactionaries are
now on trial before the Canadian
people. They have been deaf to
appeals to tackle unemployment
and to bring into effect demo-
eratic reforms to give security
to the people. If they now seek
to exploit our present national
erisis to carry into effect their
reactionary plans against Ca-
nadian democracy, they will prove
themselves the most dangerous

traitors to the fight against
Hitlerism.
The Canadian people know

that a war against Hitlerism
must be different kind of a war.
Tt must not be a war of grafting
and stealing at the expense of
the people. It must not be a war
to create millionaires out of rot
ten beef contracts for the army.
It must not be a war for the
bankers who grow fat on war
profits while shouting about their
patriotism. It must not be a war
of profiteering by millionaire
highway robbers who corner sup-
Plies and then hold up the pub-
lic. It must not be a war of
stealing soldiers’ votes for reac-
tionary politicians, about which
Senator Meighen must have
memories.

Now that war has broken out,
the Ganadian people will support
a war to destroy the barbarism
of Hitlerism; not a war for the
imperialist eontrol of markets
and the political domination of
Europe.

To continue to fight in our Civ-
ic government to make democ-
racy work in Toronto, to abolish
the unjust taxation system that
places the burden on those least
able to pay, to root out the rot-
ten patronage system, is to help
the fight to defeat Hitlerism. Un-
less in every sphere of govern-
ment the Canadian people put in
genuine anti-fascist progressive
men and women, you know as
well as I do that we shall have
eraft, profiteering and corrup-
tion which has already been
started by the loud-mouthed pat-
riots. "That is why i have not re-
signed from the city eouncil. fT
shall leave the decision to you,
the electors of Toronto.

HEISHOnic TIES

USSR Aided Turks In National Liberation Struggle

y

Lying behind this visit is the
firm and tested friendship be-
tween the Soviet Union, the land
of socialism, and the Turkish re-
public.

The relationship that exists be-
iween Turkey and the Soviet Un-
ion is unique on the European
continent. Turkey, which was al-
ways looked upon by all imperial-
ist powers as an object of their
predatory ambitions, has one true
and loyal friend in the world, the
Soviet Union.

S

NILY one power in the world

supported the national libera-
tion struggle of the Turkish peo-
ple which resulted in establish-
ment of the Turkish republic af-
ter the World War of 191418. In
the decisive years of the struggle
for emancipation, from 1921 to
1923, the Turkish people received
the friendly support of the Soviet
Union while it fought off a host
of enemies.

At the Seventh All-Union Con-
fress of Soviets in 1935, the Soviet
government head, V. M. Molotov,
gave the following definition of
Soviet relations with Turkey:

“tntil very recently, before
the Soviet revolution, Turkey,
with its city of Constantinople

(Istanbul) and the straits, was
the object of the rapacious im-
perialist desires of the Russian
reactionaries and liberals of all
shades who represented the
Russia of the merchants, land-
lords and manufacturers.

“An abyss now les between
that epoch and Soviet power.
Soviet power, as the power of
the workers and peasants, pro-
ceeded from and continues to
proceed from a different policy,
a policy that excludes preda-
tory plans and which is perme-
ated with a loving sympathy
for the cause of the regenera-
tion of the new Turkey.

ITH arrival in Moscow this week of Turkish For
tions on an anticipated mutual assistance agreement between Turkey and the Soviet
Union were expected to begin.

“On this firm basis, relations
of Soviet-Trurkey friendship are
strengthening.”

eo

HE words of the head of the

Soviet government were Con-
firmed by that government’s
deeds with respect to the Turkish
republic.

Qnly three days after the estab
lishment of the Anatolian Turk-
ish national government in April,
1920, Kemel Ataturk, the Turkish
national leader, sent a letter to
Moscow asking the Soviet govern—
ment to support Turkey's strug-
gle against foreign invasion.

The Soviet government did not
tarry in its reply, which was 2
recognition of the main foreign
political principles of the young
Turkish republic.

The close and friendly relations
which prevailed between Turkey
and the Soviet Union in all the
following years found their docu-
mentary reflection in the treaty
of friendship and fraternity
signed between the Russian Sov-
iet Federated Socialist Republic
(Soviet Russia) and Turkey, in
Moscow on March 15, 1921.

By this treaty the Soviet gov-
ernment pledged not to recognize
any international acts regarding
Turkey if these acts were not rec-
ognized by the great national as-
sembly of Turkey.

Se

N DECEMBER, 1921, a special

Soviet mission headed by the
great Red army strategist, Mikhail
V. Frunze, arrived in Ankara, the
new Turkish capital in the Ana-
tolian plain. :

Afterwards a number of other
treaties were signed between both
countries, and in all international
difficulties Turkey found the sup—
port of the Soviet Union on its
side.

In 1932, a Turkish delegation
headed by Ismet Inonu, now Tur-
key'’s president following the

eign Minister Shukru Saracoglu, negotia-

death of Kemal Ataturk, visited
Moscow.

In 1933. at the celebration of the
10th anniversary of the founda-
tion of the Turkish republic in
Ankara, the Soviet Union was
represented by Marshal Klementi
E. Voroshilov, Soviet defense
commiissar.

Only with Turkey has the Sov-
jet Union maintained such close
ties during all these years. These
were expressed not only in the
exchange of diplomatic notes but
also in constant close personal
contact between statesmen of
beth countries.

@
OVIET-TUREISH relations en-
ecompassed other fields also. In

1982 the Soviet government ad-
vaneed to the Turkish govern
ment a long term credit of $8,000,
000, sent a number of Soviet spe-
ecialists on questions of national
economy to ‘Turkey and built
Turkey’s first’ large cotton mills
in Kayseri and WNazilli. _ Several
large engineering jobs have been
completed in Turkey by Soviet
construction engineers. Soviet
machines are at work in Turkish
factories, and Soviet buses run
through the streets of Ankara.

During the last few years 2
number of attempts were made
to weaken the friendly ties be-
tween the two countries. But the
authoritative representative of
Turkey, Prime Minister Rewfik
Saidan, after an exchange of opin-
ions earlier this year with 2 rep-
resentative of the Soviet Union,
Vice Foreign Commissar Viadi-
mir Potemkin, gave a clear state-
ment of policy on relations with
the USSR. :

‘We will continue the most
direct and most sincere contact
with our great friendly neizh-
bor,’ he told the Turkish par-
liamne.t “Our common views
and interests show what a clear
path of collaboration is opening
up before us-” :

‘from the temples, and the Tic ©

th re.

]

The My :
Foreign Isms_

By MIKE QUIN |

cattle into the landlord’s pax
tures.” ] 34

Nine people out of te
would take that to be 2 quot, |
tion from the bible. It isn? |
It’s the advice of the Re ~
army commanders to the Pog ~
ish peasants in the territor —
they have occupied. —#

It would make an exceile: —
quotation for religious Missio; ap
aries to inscribe on rocks 6m
fences. While not directly Pe ||
the bible, it conforms to
spirit, especially of those passag, ;

about driving the money change; ©
.

men weeping and howling sy |
their “cankered” weaith. q
Wewspapers report that th >
huge private estates are bein ©
“liquidated” and turned over =
the pessants. The owners, inc
dentally, have long since fled inj
Rumania in their fine cars, lea;
ing the poor people behind te |
bombed and blasted. 2%
If this is the ‘red menace”
think it’s great.
Before I go any further, how |
ever, I’d like to straighten out on
point. I am not the Soviet am
bassador and haven’t any pipe
line to Moscow — not any man
than Governor Dickinson has Gn ©
to God.
2

ee only Russians I know aD
the musicians in the Whit
Russian orchestra at the Miner, |
Greek restaurant. Although the
twang a mean balilika, I under |
stand they have no use for th
Soviets. Nevertheless, if i dan’
dislocate my joints in the pro
cess, IT am determined te lear
those intmicate dances.
The only Russian words I Knoy
are “kaput” and “vodka” — an
I don’t like vodka. My only ob
jection to the Russians as @ rac
is that half the letters in thel
alphabet are upside down, whic! ©
I consider confusing.
I was born over a saloon in Sai
Francisco during the fire an
earthquake. My grandmother say ©
they tolled the church bells be
cause the priest said I symbolize:
the city being reborn out of th
ruins.

if they want to un-toll then.

ent ee ail

now just because I refuse to b ;

mad at the Soviets, let them &
ahead. es

The idea that the people shoul
own the lands and industries sug
gested itself to me as Soon as
was old enough to have idea

My parents were good people wh ;

worked like horses and yet th
companies were always kickin;
them around and turning off thel-
lights, and pestering them. —

@ :

HEN iI first heard of com
munism I réad in the pape
it was a scheme to strangle Mos
ef the people and make the Tes
uncomfortable. I wondered fo
what reason and J investigatec

Sms

and discovered all they were dc
ing was giving the land and ifn
dustries to the people. It sounder

— ee

Fa

7

fine to me.

They said it was a Russian idea
But I discovered Marx was a Ger
man, Engels an Englishman, anc
Connolly an Irishman. I lookec
further and discovered Americar”
democracy was Swiss — a gen
ine Swiss movement, you migh!
say. Switzerland was the first de
mocracy and we just borrowed tht
idea from the Aips.

I concluded it was as foolish t
reject communism as Russian 2
it would be to refuse to pasteuriz
milk because Pasteur was “t
Frenchman. Marconi was 4!
Italian, yet the wireless he in

vented works splendidly in Amer - :
ica. Also, our boxing is done by 7

the Marquis of Queensbury rules
So when I speak on the sub

ject of the Soviets its from thr)

standpoint of an American WAC;

subjetts all matters to the ques =

tion: Who's doing what to whom
and for what reason?

If you'll follow that simple rit |
yourself, you'll

and evacuating your brain.

If the Russians, the Norwegiaa= L

the French or the Australian a> |
originees could figure out a bette! |
way of milking a cow, Td adyo =
cate the system in America. .

I say to all these “foreign ism"
baiters, Tl think what I pleas
and say what I please. Your rige
to hear me is as valuable te you |
as my right to speak is to me, Te
gardiess of whether you agree 0!
not. Foreign isms, indeed! el
that to the Polish cows now €2)
joying the pastures of the Polls!)
ex-landlords. ee

The effects of the Prociam®
tion (restricting the freedom ©}
preaching and publishing) how
ever equally soever intended, ne

find numéro: :
prejudices packing their thing :

came the stopping of the Purl,
tans’ mouths, and an uncontrel
led liberty to the tongues ano

pens of the Arminian party... _
Rushworth, Collections