4 | : | s 3 Pope Paul ended his recent pilgrimage to the Holy Land with an appeal to world leaders to work for peace and “avoid at all costs” the an- guish of another world war with its incalculable conseq From Jerusalem he sent telegrams of greetings to 224 world leaders and organizations urging them to do all in their power to ensure that peace will prevail. India’s problems discussed India’s ruling Congress Party is wrestling with the problem of determining the pace and pattern of its economic program, at a six-day annual conference which opened in Bhubaneswar last week. Left and Right within the party are engaged in a fierce struggle Time to act The Ghanaian Times has called for the ‘‘immediate confiscations of the outrage- ous profits and illegally ac- quired wealth of the growing mass of capitalists.”’ : In a recent front-page edi- torial, the paper said: ‘*We have bolstered into positions of influence men who wish failure for our revolution and for whom the death of President Nkrumah will mean greatér satisfaction for their insatiable lust for wealth,”’ to influence the program, which has the stated objective of achieving socialism by demo- cratic means, The Left, led by: former De- fence Minister V. K, Krishna Menon and former Oil and Natural Resources Minister K, D. Mal- aviya, wants nationalization of all key industries, including banks. The Right is opposed to a ‘‘rigid doctrinaire approach.’’ They want the party to be more flexible, allowing private enter- prise to play an important part in a **mixed economy.”’ A draft resolution adopted last November ~ and now being dis- cussed calls for a reduction in the glaring disparities in the people’s incomes, speedy imple- mentation of land reforms and re- moval of poverty, with a national minimum living standard for each individual. Spanish, French CPs agree In a joint declaration published Jan. 7, the French and Spanish Communist Parties greet the current development toward un- ited action of the democratic forces in both countries. It opens the perspective for further progress by the demo- cratic forces in the capitalist countries of Europe, says the de- claration, which follows talks between delegations of the two. parties last month, : Both parties declare support for a conference of the interna- tional workers’ and Communist movement, to help consolidate unity. The declaration expresses *‘indignation at the splitting at- tempts’? of the Chinese Com- munist leaders and condemns the violent attacks of the Chin- ese against the Soviet and other Communist parties. Guiana protests new chains Premier Jagan of Guiana has asked for the appointment of a Ambatielos still in prison Mrs. Betty Ambatielos, British-born wife of the jail- ed Greek seamen’s union lead- er Tony Ambatielos, has post- poned ‘her return to London from Athens to make a new appeal for his release after he was not among 42 prisoners released last week. Mrs. Ambatielos said she wanted to meet the new Min- ister of Justice, Prof. Joan- nis Sontis, and ‘‘give him a chance”? to free Ambatielos, who has served 16 years of a life sentence, new British Governor for the col- ony to be held up. Last week the present Gover- nor, Sir Ralph Grey, informed Dr. Jagan, a few hours before a public announcement, that the British Colonial Office had ap- pointed R, E. Luyt, former chief secretary in Northern Rhodesia, to be the next Governor. Dr. Jagan stated the next Gov- ernor, if there was to be one be- fore independence, should be Gui- anese. There was aprecedent for this in Trinidad, The Premier demanded that the appointment be held up while his protest was being considered in London by Duncan Sandys, Col- onial Secretary. Larratt Higgins, writing in the first of two feature articles for the Globe and Mail, has charged that the newly completed protocol on the Columbia River does not change the sellout nature of the original draft treaty. “There has been nothing from the Canadian government to sug- gest that this agreement will change the plans for Columbia development set forth in the Co- lumbia Treaty of 1961,’’ writes Higgins, ‘‘Canadians have been told only one thing about this new agreement: that Canada will get something like $420,000,000 from the U.S. in payment for benefits under the treaty... ‘‘And if the Columbia Treaty of 1961 finally comes into force, Canada will be giving away a lot for that $420,000,000. Canada will be giving up its sovereign right to control and develop the vast Columbia system, Canada will be giving to the UnitedStates a large degree of physical control over Columbia development now and a veto over future Columbia . development. ‘fAnd in so doing, Ottawa will be providing Washington with a ‘precedent for gaining control over unborn projects on other rivers flowing from Canada into the United States.’’ tC ) To emphasize further his op- position to the proposed give- away, Higgins concludes with the following words: “The structures chosen for development by the Columbia River Treaty are not the ones Canada chose originally in order to preserve its rights, and this is a serious defect in the treaty. in deal with U.S., says expert Eg Larratt Higgins, 39, is an econom=] ist for the Ontario Hydro Electri¢] Power Commission. member of the inter-departmental] committee which recommended 4] program of Canadian objectives for) the Columbia negotiations to th federal government in 1958. 5 | il Since then he has been a close) student of the course of those negotiations ang) their results. He has unhesitantly labelled the Co-], lumbia scheme as it now stands, “‘a sellout.” Higgins was 4) In addition, we have given to the United States the right to exercise detailed control of the operation of all storage in Canada whether mentioned by the treaty or not, and we have given this right away FOVEVET : **In the Columbia River Treaty, the United States will have won all its fundamental objectives. It will have established a new principle of international law be- tween Canada and the United States only if Canada ratifies the treaty. **It will have persuaded Canada to forego diversions, except by express and explicit permission from the United States as evi- denced by the treaty, while at the same time the U.S. ability to divert water from the Columbia system for domestic use and ir- rigation remains unimpaired. **It will have achieved freedom not only from serious floods on the Columbia but also from the trivial damages of relatively small floods. 2 **It will have achieved these benefits at something like one- seventh of the cost of the best available alternatives in the United States, assuming that itis politically possible to buildthese People’s government takes over Zanzibar A revolution toppled the month- old government of Zanzibar last Sunday, sweeping into power a people’s government. The last act of the ousted government was to appeal to Britain for troops. But British Colonial Secretary Duncan Sandys, after consulting ‘fother Commonwealth countries in East Africa’’ decided not to interfere, The countries involved were Kenya, Tanganyika and Ug- anda - all of whom could be pre- sumed to be strongly opposed to British intervention, The new government is headed by Abeid Karume, leader of the Afro-Shirazi Party, as President of the new republic, and Abdul Rahman Mohamed Babu, leader of the Umma Party, as Minister of Home Affairs. (Umma Party is the Swahali equivalent of Peop- le’s Party.) The old government held a ma- jority of seats in Parliament, de- new Republic of Zanzibar. spite winning only 46 percent of the popular vote during the last elections, and represented the Arab and Asian portions of the population (80,000 out of about 300,000 people), : Dr. Thomas Franck, a gradu- ate of UBC who helped draft Zan- ziber’s constitution prior to in- dependence, wrote in Vancouver Sun of Jan. 14 that he ‘‘sympa- thized and approved of’’ the re- volution. s¢ |... to the people of Zanzibar the failure in three successive . elections to get the government they want has created disenchant- ment with constitutional means,”’’ admitted Franck. **Meanwhile, the sultan’s gov- ernment was purchasing arms abroad. It was now or never.’’ Franck concluded on the fol- lowing note: ‘‘...where there is no hope of orderly change through the law, the law will be overthrown.’’ -ABEID KARUMA, President of the ABDUL RAHMAN MAHAMED BABU, new Home Affairs Minister. January 17, 1964—PACIFIC TRIBUNE—Page © - shared by neighboring countrié LABOR FEATUR alternatives—which is doubuu ‘¢Canada will have establisi® recognition of the principle W# downstream benefits are sha able, but otherwise its ful damental objectives will hal been frustrated.” There is plenty of room #@ international cooperation natural resources without havill to sacrifice national sovereign Higgins states, placing this que?” tion in the following mannel ‘eWhile Canada is prepared ™ accommodate the very real al urgent needs of the United State for flood control, it is vital th® Canada preserve its rights , the Columbia against the 4a when its waters will be needé@ in this country, perhaps {0 power on the Fraser at OF time, perhaps for irrigation & drinking on the Prairies at 2 other time, *¢Canada is richly endowed will fresh water; this is one of ov greatest assets, On the Prairies however, the limited supply fresh water will ultimately de” termine the ceiling of econom# development. : The international boundary rue across some two-score rivers the Yukon, the Columbia, 2 the Kootenay are some of larger ones flowing into United States, These will 4 be affected by any precedent § on the Columbia.”’ Higgins again makes the pol that the amended treaty rep” resents, in effect, a major changé in internationally accepted norm® of behaviour regarding rivel? ‘The provisions of the tread regarding diversion,’’ he say! ‘tare the business of all Cana” dians because they involv® changes in international law th affects everyone in the country) regardless of province...”’ ; The PT will publish portion of Higgins’ second Globe and Mall article when they become avail” able, IN NEXT ISSUE j A number of key unions wil” be entering into negotiations the immediate future. Wh should workers’ demands based upon? How can these d mands -best be achieved? HO much unity can be welded amole the unions involved? _ : These and other questions wil be dealt with in next week? issue of the PT, in a featul® article. 4 Due to the importance of th article many more copies of ti paper should be sold next wee Extra bundle orders (or sing! copies) should be ordered imme diately, j