Despite serious natural calamities, the policy of the Chinese
government to go all out to strengthen agriculture and es-
pecially for grains has brought positive results says Bert Whyte
below. This photo shows fifty combine harvesters reaping wheat
at the Yellow River Basin State Farm in Honan.

Changes taking place

e Chi 7
in ina $
By BERT WHYTE .

Pacific Tribune Correspondent

PEKING—Since the found-,
ing of the People’s Republic of
China 12 short years ago tre-.
mendous victories have been
recorded in the field of social-
ist construction. .

The country has jumped
from 30th to sixth place in the
world in steel production—the
key to all-round industrial
growth.

The 18.4 million tons of steel
turned out in 1960 may not be
exceeded in 1961, but the qual-
ity and variety of steel] will
definitely improve this year.

Modern factories and plants
now dot the map of China, a
sure guarantee that the big
leap forward began in 1958
wil continue. ;

This year, in fact, has been|
a period of consolidation in)
preparation for further ad-|
vances in the years ahead. .

Despite drought and flood, |
plus some man-made mistakes)
following the birth of the rural |
people’s communes three years,
ago, the situation in  agricul-
ture is bright.

A. rectification movement;
whieh got into full swing this
year has resulted in better or-
ganization of the communes

WORLD: POPULATION

The world’s population was)
between 2,853,000,000 and 2,-
964,000,000 at mid-1959, ac-
cording to United Nations stat-
isticians.

communes

and improved leadership; mor-
ale of the peasants is high be-
cause of

these changes and also
because they
have just

harvested a
good fall
crop in al-

moo Sth ara)
parts of the
country.

Aid to ag-
riculture con-
es tinues to be

Bert Whyte the concern
of induhtry. Shortages of grain
and industrial crops have af-
fected light industry (and to
some extent heavy industry)
during the past three years.
Consequently, industry has
turned its attention to strength-
ening its assistance to agricul-

‘ture, as a prerequisite to new

advances on all fronts.

Notwithstanding some crop
failures, basic achievements
can recorded in construction
of water conservancy works,
enlargement of the area of ir-
rigated farmland and distribu-
tion of agriculutral machinery.
EIGHT-POINT PLAN

The Eight-Point Charter for
Agricultural Production is a re-
liable guide for agricultural
development, and some mis-
takes ‘caused by over-enthusi-
asm have been corrected.

The eight points are:

(1) Soil—planned land utiliz-
ation, improvement and deep
ploughing.

See WHYTE, pg. 11

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JUST OFF VICTORY SQUARE

Collective leadership main

against recurrence of cult - K hrushchev

{n his concluding speech ai the 22nd Congress of the Com-/ praise and any special empha-

munist Party of the Soviet Union, Nikita S. Khrushchev, after
dealing in considerable detail with some of the crimes and
excesses that were committed in the period of the cult of Stalin,
spoke of the measures that have been and are being taken
to guarantee that there shall never be a recurrence of the cult.

We reprint below excerpts
from his speech dealing with
this question:

It is our duty to make a
thorough, detailed examina-
tion of cases of this sort con-
nected with abuse of power.

The time will come when
we shall die, for we are all
mortal, but as long as we con-
tinue working we can and
must find out a great deal and
tell the truth to the party and
the people.

It is our duty to do all in
our power to establish the
truth now, because the longer
the time that passes since these

events, the more difficult it
will be to re-establish the
truth.

You cannot bring back the
dead now as it is said but the
facts must be recorded in the
history of the party.

And it. must done so that

Install TV phones

in 3 Soviet cities

Inhabitants of Moscow
can now speak to and see
their friends in Leningrad
or Kiev via the videophone.

Centrally - located video-
phone booths were recently
installed in these cities.
Sight and communication
works both ways.

The videophone booth has
a closed-circuit television
hooked up to inter-city tele-
vision cables. The Kiev vid-
eophone is located in Hotel
Moscow.

Videophones will soon be
installed in Kharkov, Dnie-
propetrovsk, Rostov and
other cities.

North Van

Cont’d from pg. 7

Cy Hoffman, president of the
New Democratic Party Club
and Russell McKibbon, general
secretary of the Vancouver
LW.A. Safety Council.

Labor’s program is com-
posed of the following points:

Revival of Burrard Ship-
yards with peace time con-
tracts;

Shifting of the tax burden
to big industry;

Modernization of city schools
and public kindergartens;

Improved recreational facil-
ities including a public ice
arena;

Full cost of elementary edu-
cation to be born by senior
governments;

Reduced gas and light bills
and renovation of the transpor-
tation system;

Opposition to “‘civil defense”
being used to heighten war ten-
sions. particularly with school
children. :

Two years ago a similar line
up of candidates resulted in
outstanding wins for both An-
gus and Dean. The broad unity
achieved around issues can
once again defeat reaction and
give labor a strong voice in
‘civic government.

nothing like this happens
again.

The 22nd Congress has force-
fully confirmed that the course
of the 20th Party Congress
course to restore and further
develop Leninist forms of
party and state life, to raise
the guiding role of the party
and promote the creative in-
itiative of the masses — is
the only correct course.

The 22nd Congress consoli-
dates this beneficial course.
Further guarantees against re-
currences of the cult of the in-
dividual are provided in the
Program and rules of the party
and in the decisions of the con-
gress. :

The role of the party as the
great inspiring and organizing
force in the building of com-
munism is reaching an even
higher level.

e

Here at the congress much
has been said, for example,
about the furious energy with
which the anti-party faction-
ists Molotov, Kaganovich, Ma-
lenkov and others attacked
the Leninist central committee
of the party and me person-
ally.

Acting against the party line
mapped out by the 20th Con-
gress, the splitters concentrat-
ed their main fire against
Khrushchev who did not siut
them.

Why against Khrushchev?
For the simple reason that by
the will of the party Khrush-
chev was appointed to the
post of first secretary of the
central committee.

The factionists thoroughly}—

miscalculated. The party de-
feated them both ideoological-
ly and organizationally.

The central committee of
our party displayed exception-
ally great political maturity
and a truly Leninist under-
standing of the situation. It is
characteristic that virtually
not a single miember of the
C.C. or a’candidate member of
the C.C. or a member of the
auditing committee supported
the miserable handful of
splitters.

While firmly opposed to all
the revolting phenomena of
the cult of the individual,
Marxists-Leninists have always
recognized the authority of
leaders and will continue to
do so. _

But it would be wrong to
single out any leader, to separ-
ate him in any way from the
leading collective, to indulge
in excessive praise of him.
This is contrary to the princi-
ples of Marxism-Leninism.

It may be recalled how un-

compromisingly Marx, Engels].

and Lenin spoke out against
people who indulged in extoll-
ing their merits.

Yet it is difficult to overrate
the enormous role and the ser-
vices Marx, Engels and Lenin,
the founders of scientific com-
Ynunism, rendered the working
class and all mankind.

Any inclination toward self-

December 1, 1961—PACIFIC TRIBUNE—Page 8

lt must never happen again

guarantee

sis or excessive exaggeration
of the role of individual lead
ers is profoundly alien to true
Marxist-Leninists.

It is simply insulting to them
when someone importunately
tries to set them apart, to is0-
late them from the guidging
core of comrades. ae

We Communists highly val
ue and support the prestige of
correct and mature leadership.
We must safeguard the pres:
tige of leaders recognized “by
the party and the people.

But every leader must bear
in mind the other side of the
matter—never to plume him
self on his position, to remem
ber that by occupying an office
he merely performs the will of
the party, the will of the peo
ple, who have invested him
with albeit supreme power, but
who never lose control over
him.

The leader who forgets this
pays severely for such mis-_
takes.

I would say that he pays for
it during his lifetime or the —
people do not forgive him evet
after his death, as happened in
the case of the condemnation |
of the cult of Stalin’s person- ]
ality.

A man who forgets that it is
his duty to perform the will of
the party, the will of the peo-
ple, cannot, properly speaking;
be called a real leader.

There should be no room for
such “leaders” either in the ]
party or in the state apparatus.

To be sure, for many reasons }|
a great deal of power is con |
centrated in the hands of an |
individual holding high office: |
A leader appointed by the par- |
ty and the people must not |
abuse his powers. :
In the reports to the con
gress mention has already
been made of the measures wé
have effected, and will con
tinueto effect, in order that the
hideous phenomena of the cult
of the individual never recur.

But there is one thing for ]
which no clause in the rules |
can provide—the collective of }
leaders must thoroughly under |
stand that a situation cannot
be allowed to~arise, in which
any one, even the most deserv’
ing authority, can cease heed:
ing the opinions of those wh?
had nominated him.

We cannot allow — nay:
more, it is impossible to allow }
—the germination and devel }
opment of such phenomena if
which an individual’s deserved
prestige assumes such, forms
that he thinks he may do any
thing he pleases that he is n?
longer in need of the collec
tive.. ;

In that case, the individual |
concerned may stop heeding
the voice of other comrades —
placed in high office, like hin” |

self, and may start to stifle
them. °

Lenin, our great teacher
was firmly opposed to this, and
the party paid a very heavy
price for not having heeded his
wise counsel in time. ~

Let us be worthy pupils of |
Lenin with this important mal ]
ter as well.