I? May of this year speak-
ing of the probable ef-
fects of the European Com-
# "on Market. on the under-
developed countries, Soviet

€mier Khrushchev pro-
Posed an _ international
“nference to discuss non-

'Scriminatory world
trade,

The question was taken up—
ft the United Nations Econo-
Mlle and Social Council (ESC),
Which at its 34th session in
eee, unanimously adopt-
ie resolution calling for an

€rnational conference on
Tade and economic develop-
Ment,
fe resolution provides for

€ establishment of a pre-
Pratory. committee, com-
Posed of all ESC nations. to
Meet early in 1963 to draw

P a conference agenda.
th he following remarks on
‘ € Geneva meeting und the
- “solution were made by G.
S Arkadyev, head of the
2a delegation, to a Tass
in sPondent for the maga:

Ne, New Times:

LIVELY RESPONSE
: €re has been lively res-
Ponse, especially in the un-
; stdeveloped countries, to
mecney's proposal for an
Tnational conference tc

ER

Bs, SAROJINI

OF INDIA and Mrs. Margaret Epko, MP

ERE’S AN ALTERNATIVE TO ECM
{60 nations call for

world trade parley

discuss non - discriminatory
world trade.

By the time the question
came up at the Economic and
Social Council, 46 U.N. mem-
ber-states had in one form
or another signified their
support for such a_ confer-
ence.

In addition, the recent
Cairo economic conference
of Asian, African and Latin-
American countries, in which
Yugoslavia and Cyprus par-
ticipated, adopted a declara-
tion urging a U.N. interna-
tional economic conference
to discuss foreign trade, trade
in raw materials, and eco-
nomic relations between de-
veloped and underdeveloped
nations. :

Hence, 60 countries have
endorsed the idea of an inter-
national trade conference. I
might add that the Cairo con-
ference asked the U.N. secre-
tary-general to
proposal in the agenda of the
next General Assembly.

Discussion of the ESC reso-
lution (it was submitted by
Brazil, India, Senegal, Ethio-
pia and - Yugoslavia) showed
that there was urgent need
for such a conference.
ANSWER INTERESTS

It showed, also, that the
proposal accords with the
fundamental interests of the

underdeveloped nations, who

. 2 Nigeria were among delegates who came from 17 coun-
ries i f Women
In, “oCently to Montreal to launch the Voice o

*national.

Women’s meet hits
U.S. Cuba Policy

WONTREAL — Voice or
thei €n of Canada, who held
ing a conference follow-
Voie he recent launching of
a = Of Women Internation-
of i Called for a reversal
Us A € dangerous trend in
Cup, “USSR relations. over
a,
an "€solution which carried
Calleg tT Whelming majority
the U On “the government of
the SA in co-operation with
to», vernment of the USSR
Inge, Mote the welfare of the
by ‘Pendent nation of Cuba
q Teely permitting trade’
1] travel to and from
and “that ‘the USA”

; onto,’ to : Montreal. Seo

prohibit the presence on US.
territory of armed Cuban ex-
iles which constitutes a mili-
tary threat to Cuba and
creates a need for defence
aid from the USSR or else-
where.”

The women had previously
called on the government to
join the neutral bloc of na-
tions, thus implying with-
drawal from NATO-NORAD.

Mrs. Therese Casgrain of
Montreal was elected presi-
dent of the VOW and the

headquarters of the move-
ment was moved from. Tor-

Ee
ene ae

include the —

suffer from operation of the

West - European Common

Market.
Delegates

Ethiopia, Colombia, Austra-

lia and other countries em-.
phasized that the Common

Market was disturbing tra-
ditionally- formed commer-
cial ties and creating new ob-
stacles to economic progress
in underdeveloped areas.

They strongly protested
against Common Market en-
croachments on their trade
and economic interests. In
the face of that protest, the
French amendment’ which
would have practically nul-
lified the plan for an inter-
national conference, was re-
jected by a majority of 12
votes with only two countries,
both of them Common Mar-
ket members, voting in favor
of the amendment.

The stand taken by the un-
derdeveloped nations, and
energetically supported by
the Soviet delegation, strong-
ly influenced the work of the
Economic and Social Council
session.

One of the basic results of
the Geneva session, there-
fore, was the unanimous
adoption of this resolution
urging a U.N. sponsored con-
ference on trade and eco-
nomic development.

“This was the fi-st time in

many years suck a resolution
was adopted, and it provides

; further evidence that the at-

titude and policy of the
Soviet Union conform with
the vital interests of under-
developed nations and are
dictated by a desire to re-
move every obstacle and re-
striction to trade with and
by these countries, so as to
clear the path for their rapid
economic development and
industrialization.

At the same time, the reso-
lution signifies a serious de-
feat for the Common Market

* countries, whose policy is, in

De ey PIPE

effect, but a variety va uce
colonialism and aims at the
collective exploitation of
newly developing nations.
IMPORTANT RESOLUTION
The importance of the
resolution lies also in the fact
that, besides pointing to the
deleterious influence of the
exclusive West - European
blocs, it indicates the factors

that hamper expansion of in-.

ternational trade as a whole.
This implies condemnation of
the policy of discrimination
and restriction pursued by
the Western Powers, notably
in trade with the socialist
world.

The resolution signifies a
victory for the forces which,
supported by the socialist
countries, are working to
promote equal and mutually
advantageous economic co-
existence and competition of
the two systems.

The Soviet government
suggested the following items
for inclusion in the prelimin-
ary conference agenda:

e Founding of an_ inter-
national trade organization;

e The negative influence
on international trade of ex-
clusive Western economic
groupings;

e Removal, of discrimina-

tion in: foreign trades ee,

from Uruguay, -

U.S. military junta?
= possible, is verdict

Two American novelists
and an American scientist
have warned in two recent
U.S. publications that:

(a) the danger of a gov-
ernment takeover by the mil-
itary in the United States is
real;

(b) the massive U.S. arms
buildups is primarily intend-
ed to “prime” the American
economy since the USS.
“ready strike force outnum-
bers and outweighs that of
the Soviet Union by at least
five times”’.

In this connection the point
is made that there is-a school
of military strategists and
publicists in the U.S. that
argues for the use of this
gigantic arms store for a pre-
emptive first strike against
the Soviet Union.

This, in Pentagon jargon,
would be a policy of “retalia-
tion in advance”.

The novelists, who make
the first charge, are Fletcher
Knebel and Charles W. Bailey
II. They are the authors of
the new. novel, Seven Days
in May, which depicts a pre-
sident of the U.S. fighting a
secret military junta that

‘seeks control of the country.

The book has provoked
much comment and Look
magazine carries an article in
its September 11 issue with
the novelists’ comments to the
question: are there really
seeds in America today that

could germinate into a Seven ©

Days in May a decade hence?
The scientist, who makes
the second assertion, is Ger-
ard Piel, president of the
Scientific American maga-
zine. His views are contained
in a Phi Beta Kappa oration
he delivered at Harvard Uni-
versity last June, which is
published in the September
issue of The Atlantic maga-
zine. ;
Knebel and Bailey differ at
least by. implication with
Piel. The former maintain
that the U.S. “has been forc-
ed by the Soviet Union to
become an armed camp.”
The scientist does not get
into tniS ivoé Of argumenta-
tion, but presents a view of
the present arms buildup in
America, pointing out that
what happens in the US.
“plays no inconsiderable role
in shaping the nature of the
world crisis.” He states “we
can and must put our own
house in order... .”
But the writings of the
three together reaffirm the

awesome war power being®

in the cities examined:
Vancouver

developed by the U.S.: and

the frightful use to which this

Vancouver voters have

poorest representation
of big Canadian cities

a ie question of civic democracy and a system of rep-
resentation which will guarantee the people an ade-
quate and properly apportioned voice in the policies of
civic government will undoubtedly be one of the big issues
in the upcoming Vancouver civic elections.

As part of this discussion the Pacific Tribune presents
these figures from nine major Canadian cities representa-
tive of our country. We feel they speak for themselves.

The figures are arrived at by dividing the numbr of
people in each city by the number of elected representatives
to city councils, not including the mayor. The result below
shows the relationship between the basis of representation

38,450 people
29,700; Calgary, 20,215: Winnipeg, 14,420: Hamilton 14,-
040; Regina, 11,028; Ottawa 9 920; Saskatoon, 9,236.

The average number of people per alderman in these 9
major Canadian cities is 19,326. In Vancouver it is 38,340,
or double the:average. .. ..

power might be put to plunge
the world into a devastating
nuclear war if the U.S. mili-
tary had its way.

—The Nation

The possibility of a war-
fare state in the U.S. thus
has not decreased since this
danger was publicly put for-
ward at the time of the resig-
nation in 1961 of Gen. Ed-
ward Walker, who quit his —
post with a bitter attack on
the civilian ‘‘little men’ who
had criticized him.

Walker, st&te the two auth-
ors, charged that civilian ad-
ministrators in the U.S. were
“soft on Communism” and
that he was “a scapegoat of
an unwritten policy of colla-
boration and collusion with
the international Communist
conspiracy.”

Bailey and Knebel con-
tinue:

“General Walker’s inter-
pretation of his case, which
is shared by many extreme
right-wingers, would lead to
some bizarre questions if his
reasoning were followed to
the letter. For instance, if
‘collaboration and collusion’
with Moscow were indeed the
forces behind his relief from
command, would not those
responsible be guilty of trea-
son?

“And if treasonable acts
were afoot in Washington,
would not military officers
have a duty to take control

of their country away from
the mén who allowed such
acts to continue?

“These questions, perhaps
fortunately for the nation’s
sanity, were not asked at the
hearings (on Walker). But
even on a more rational level,
the possibility of a military

_ takeover is one of the great,

‘unmentionables’ in Washing-
ton

per alderman; Toronto,