Macmillan
t
Puts in
fough guy
By PETER ZINKIN

LONDON — Alan Lennox-
Boyd, defender of the Hola

‘Killings. and inventor of the|}

“mythical Nyasaland ‘massacre
Plot,” has gone from the cab-
“inet. In his place Prime Min-
Aster Harold. Macmillan has put
the suave, slick Iain Macleod,
“who leaves the Ministry of
- Labor.

Changes in tactics toward
‘the African nationalist move-
‘™ents are expected to follow

this major change in the ‘cabi-
"met.

Basically, the policy. of try-

ing to keep the African lands
-and other colonies safe for Big
Business imperialist | invest-
-Ment will continue under the
_Suidance of Macleod.

_.__ He has been chosen because
: of his toughness as Minister of
" Labor in imposing the wage-

freeze policy to the point of||

Provoking strike action. His
- appointment will be viewed
With dismay by the colonial

: Peoples, already alarmed at
the Tory imperialists’ third
term.

Other changes include Sir
David (Smarty Boots) Eccles
as Minister of Education in
place of. Geoffrey Lloyd, sack-
ed without chance of appeal.

Duncan Sandys has also had

-a blow. He is no longer Min-
.ister of Defense. That job is
taken by Harold Watkinson,
“who leaves the eee, of
Transport.

Sandys has a new job—Min-
ister of Aviation, which looks
like a typical. piece of Super-
Mac window-dressing.

HAROLD MACMILLAN |

i

has been given to ex-serfs.

standing committee.

The Panchen Lama, who. is
the Dalai Lama’s religious
equal, said however much the
rebels howl from abroad, “the
serfdom -which they support
will soon disappear from Tib-
et”? and thus remove the ‘vast
“mountain weighing down the
mass of the people.”

; He said that the social order
in Tibet was actually more
stable since the putting down
of-the rebellion. Land, cattle,
manors and the farm tools of
the rebel aristocrats would be
confiscated and distributed to
the ex-serfs,. but” that of the
mon-rebel nobles -would be
bought out and distributed,

Already on a quarter of a

‘\million acres, about the same

number of tons of crops. this
year went straight to the ex-
serfs for the first time in their
history. © i

~ In .other. cases rents ‘were
cut, usury liquidated and
forced labor reduced or wiped
out. —

The Panchen Lama stressed
that freedom of religious -be-
lief was the unalterable policy
of the Communist Party and of
the government of ‘China. but

.

By ALAN WINNINGTON

?

Since crushing of the datvedatic rebellion in Tibet a yaad of 2 a | million acres of Gae

Tibet losing its burden of serfs
as land reform strides ahead

PEKING—Since the aristocratic rebellion in Tibet was quelled 360,000 serfs and
20,000 slaves have been liberated and peasants’ associations have taken over political
power in the rural areas. These facts were disclosed here last week .in the text of a
report by the Panchen Lama—acting leader of the Tibetans—to the People’s Congress

fic ht will
be long

MOSCOW—tThe meaning of
peaceful co-existence — “the
root question of our time’”—
was explained by Premier
Nikita Khrushchev in a speech
published here last week.

“We must realize that the
struggle for the consolidation
of peace will be a long one,”
he said.

Khrushchev’s speech was
made at Novosibirsk when he
was on. his way home from at-
tending. China’s tenth anniver-
sary celebrations in. Peking.

Addressing workers in the
town, he referred to his visit
| to America and said:

“My meetings and talks in
America showed that the ma-
jority of the American people
do not want war and are striv-
ing to promote peaceful co-op-
é| eration between the USSR and

w\|the United States.”

He went on: ‘The Soviet
Union’s successes and the de-+
velopment of the world Sociel-
ist system are qa fact that can-
‘not be ignored when it comes
to solving international prob-
Jems.”

He said peaceful co-existence
must be correctly understood:

“Co-existence means contin-
uation of the struggle between
the two social systems—but by
peaceful means, without war,
without interference by one
state in the internal affairs of
another.

“We consider it to be econ-

‘feudal prerogatives of monas-

teries would be abolished. If
monasteries’ incomes were then
inadequate, the state would
subsidize them.

The Grand Lama stressed
that those of Tibet’s vast horde
of lamas who were capable of
work should take some part in
production. ‘‘We have mobiliz-
ed an enormous force in Tibet
opposed to serfdom,” he de-
clared.

The question of changes to
socialist forms would be gone
into later.

The Panchen Lama disclosed
that when last in Peking he
discussed policy with Mao Tse-
tung. He said the serfs know
that the. only salvation lies in
following the Communist Par-
ty and they called Mao “a liv-
ing Buddha.”

Tibet’s Grand Lama said that
the “Tibet question” was being:
raised in the United Nations.on
the basis of absolute fabrica-
tions. oe

Formerly. the Tibetan people
had no rights or civil liberties:
Religion was defiled and there
wasn’t any freedom of ease
belief.

Describing this move as “an

ugly plot,” he condemned those
who were trying to create in-
ternational tension and misuse
the United Nations to interfere

in Chinese internal affairs,

“It is disgraceful to the UN
itself to permit the United
imperialists and their
satellite countries to use the
rostrum of the UN to violate

States

the UN Charter.” ..

He and Tibetans of all strata
reason-
able and friendly” position of
China over the Chinese-Indian

supported the ‘‘just,

border dispute.

The McMahon line, he said,

was the product of British ag-
gression against Tibet and it
was ‘regrettable’ that the
government of India was try-
ing to impose a one-sided pol-
icy on. China over it. Indians
should. withdraw from places
they had invaded and stop ac-
tions against ‘China and agree
to a fair solution.

TED HARRIS
757 East Hastings St.

Vancouver 4, B.C.

Painters’ and Paperhangers’
Supplies
Sunworthy Wallpaper

Reg. 45c - Now 19c a roll

omic, political and ideological
struggle, but not military.

“In order to win this com-
petition, we must direct all our
efforts to the fulfillment and
overfulfillment of the Seven-
Year Plan, to further advance-
ment of the Soviet economy
and culture, to consolidation of
the might of our homeland.

“The Soviet people have
everything: brains, land and
natural wealth. Who said that
the Soviet citizen must eat haif
as much as the American? I
believe that, if need be, we
can ensure for every Soviet
citizen five times as much as
the American has.”

He spoke of his talks with
Eisenhower and said a Summit
meeting would likely be held
in the not too distant future.

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October 23, 1959—PACIFIC TRIBUNE—Page 3