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OTTAWA (CP) — 7 a.
famally dinner Kim

Douglass causes. a bit of
when she alarts
davouring the chicken

- ‘She pleied up the habit,

unusual by:

recalled her mother’s

- + peaction when ahe ended a

family dinner by munching

on chicken bones.. Her |

startled mother said she
didn't have to eat the

bones, there Was more '

nyeat, .
Thett-yeai-old 5 volunteer

with ‘Canadian University

Service Overseas alo tells

"OTTAWA (eP)

Why pain?
“Well; one of © the
' developing world’s key

demand: is.a chase to
break into our markets.
That means competition
for Canadian goods, pat-
fieularly In ‘the-vulnerable
textile and. clothing’ field.
. Thegt'a some, gain, too,
in taxpayers handing out:
more money for foreign

‘from cheaper’ prices, at

— least

., nations.” ok by
. , ! fa

initially. But

our
developing world, the
better able they will be to

. buy-from, Canada. .-
That's the view of many
devélopment experts a5

‘partners in ‘the

they look at the
recession in nich. countries
and’ the protectionist
polletes being mounted
against imports from poor

Canadian:

economic .

een fa OE aT

L

J

“Toe Herald, Wereaday y Joruary vm

> =e,

~ Third Wor

of thé tinie “guinea weer) n”
“struck a village just ou de
Tamale, the clty where: she
“worked. ‘of
~ the villagers couldn't move
ow: work because of the
paintul » disease ‘ which
comes from drinking

' Univeralty ‘graduate froch

;  Nashwaak Bridge, N.B.,

‘near Fredericton, is “just
back from ‘her. two-year |
-stint’ teaching at a
teacher's training college
in the West African
country. .

* Despite he _problems,
the small, smiling brunette
aid in an interview “it has
‘been. a wonderful ox-
pertence —I'ddo It again.”
. ‘There she saw problems —

~

: “— food shortages, disesses,

However, it is ua
politically delicate. issue,

"particularly in Ontario and

where many of
Canada's traditional in- |
dustries are located.
People don't like the idea of
- lay-offs and shutting down
‘plants ‘in already
economically depressed
But adjusting our in-
dusiry to cope with in-

‘cont

rampant inflation, poor —
_medical and transport
“facilities . —~; that dwarf
-anything seen in Canada.
ms of poor
such as Ghana
‘are ‘geting worse, and
‘atthe’ same. time. they're
capturing increasing world

* “attention.”

’ government

creasing foreign com- -

be, unavol-

‘The Economic Council of -
Candda saidin a reportiwo

. fears ago “it is likely that
. within 15 or 20 years, the

manufacture of a wide’
range of goods that are
today considered typical of :
the industrial output of.
mere advanced nations —

automobiles, household:

appliances, electricals,

light
and

equipment, |

ibe have '
to low-wage coun: ,

shifted
tries. reo
Development experts -
suggest Canada could
swilch more of its money,
brainpower,
and effort into other areas,
some of them more com-
plex and advanced than
“these traditional  in-
Canadian business could

+

manpower |

_*Prime Miilster Trudeau
‘pag been jetting round the
: ‘world tallsing to.keaders of
rick - and. ‘poor - countries
abcut these serious
economic and social issues

in preparation for a series

of international’ con-!:
ferences ‘this yéar,’ in-
cluding one In Ottawa, ©.
Douglass ‘said she was!
better. off than most
Ghanaians because.
teachers are better paid
than the ‘majority ‘of.

workers. But that did not
help when .there was
nothing to buy.

’ Shortages are not un-
common in developing
countries plagued with
sharply rising Import
costs, Many countries can’t
pay for their imports with
money.from the goods they
sell because they. face

trade barriers abroad or -

low world prices for their

products:

“For about nine months
of my two years there, you
couldn't buy bread becaase

“there wasn't flour in the

country,” Douglass said.
“You could learn to live
with that. But at times

there were many things ©

they should have had but

didn’t such as meat and —

protein sources."”

mount .an aggressive: °
‘selling campaign in-
developing countries where °
markets are growing much.
faster than in the in- .
dustrialized world.. :

The Economic ‘Council
has: called for a clear:
program,
backed by the public, to_
belp Canadian ‘industry ad

The subcommittee’s
1 recent .report, the most
. thorough review of
, Canada's development
* elfarts ever produced by a -
. parliamentary committee,

- stopped short of proposing ,

“such specific measures as
“the Economic Council
‘qutlined. ”

But it did urge a “major

just.to foreign competition - ipublic inquiry’? of in-

by using new techniques, :.
reorganizing .plants and
occasionally. dropping
some products. . _

It proposed. a ‘Hobillon
fund be spent over 15 years
to help reorganize Industry.

—a fund that would beset —
*? “pacommend. things we
' gould delivér and not
Aereate expectations that we

up ‘with provincial
agreement. However, the
federal -advinory body:
added’ that ‘until over-all:
unemployment, dropped,
not much could be done to
further reduce trade
barriers.

This calls for--tough-"~executivedinedlér of © “the °

political decisions. -
Liberal MP Herb‘Breau,
chairman of a
parliamentary sub-
commitiee on North-South
relations, says it’s the job
of economists and
academics to provoke
debate with ideas like this. .
But it wasn't that simple
for politicians who were
responsible to. their con-
stituents. . .

:dustries vulnerable to

foreign . competition with —
; ithe alm of adopting ‘effec.

, tive adjustment measures,

‘Breau, MP for the New
* peanswick riding of
” Gloucester said the sub-
“¢ommittee. decided to

; "¢ honestly meet.”

The issue. of “political ;

will” crops ‘ up in” other
areas too.
Bernard Wood,

North-South Institute in
Ottawa, says Canadian
political leaderg. must also

show they mean business ~

oo olber items such aa a*
new look at commodity

issues internationally. ‘and |

some new lines of approach =
on = investment and fo
. technology.”

‘] think that you can’t

expect to havea dramatic .:
~ turn-around Jin

"these

- People weren't starving
but many Jacked . the
education to know what
fodds were nutritious

enough” to substitute for. ;

items like meat.
Shortages extended to

the school where Douglass

taught.

“I was teaching physics
for 80 students with one”

VAY recent ‘Statistics

. Canada study, prepared in

textbook, We didn’t have

paper and I couldn't stencil
notes for them.
“At times they didn't
have paper to take notes.
At one point we couldn’t get
pers." Ww .

Douglass sald Ghana has
a system of free primary

education -39 that a large .

number of Ghanalans-
After that, the
rate is astronomical, _

¥,

becawe they have roots“
that go deep in Canadian —
society,” he says. “But you
“have to start the ‘ball
rolling, even if i's a small -
snowhball,””

Some development ac-
Uvists fear the current

upsurge -in interest. in,

North-South issues -—
relations between rich and
poor nations — will subside

again.

“After the big baltoon' ‘of:
apparent activity. Web
mid-1970s, It ust:didn't' do
anywhere,” says” ‘Richard -
Harmston,°*. ‘executive |
direclor of * the ‘Canadian-
Council fer: “International
Co- -operation, which
represents voluntary
groupe involvedin develop-
ment. *

“Harmstoo- was. relerring |
to Prinié’:- Minister
Trudeau's" “majoe London ..
speech in ‘1975 expressing

“~sympathy for Third World
econcmic

demands, That
was followed by Canada’s
leading role in North-South
meetings such as the
‘ conference on international
economic co-operation in
_ Paris in 1976.,
"But as the recession hit
the industrialized world In
the late LoNe, Ottawa froze

the foreign ald budget and
“poised trade barriers . to

imports : from: developing

ait

to-operation

of every 10 children in poor
countries drop out of over-
‘erowded schools by grade
2 Another 2) per cent leave
“by “se M..

* The ‘young, volunteer was

A) with tonsilitis: at one .-

point and couldn't. get
antibiotics. : Drugs are in
short supply. .

* The water and electricity:

supply f for Tamale, a city of
more than 150,000, broke

down while she was there,’

Pure water was an hour’s
drive away. ;

‘There. were streams -
flowing’ into the city. but:

“the water in them wasn't

Will the pleasures outweigh all the pain? _

countries, The “balloon of |

* port

_ ‘national and international - cin the 1975-80 period.
embarrassment. 80 00"
2Mhe institute published a

en

: * performance: on foreign sid -

"Ait for use,” she sald.

¥

activity” burst. 4
- The North-South In-
stitute, an independent

group which researches |

International development
Issues, said in a recent re-
that Canada's
shrinking aid figures in

Tecent years area

Feport card Of government
, guides. which the govern-
1975, failing Ottawa on nine

items and giving federal -
authorities a low rating on

several others.
And white the govern-

ment failed on such points

as reaching: foregn aid

targets, the Institute gave
it one “excellent” mark =~
for support of international
development

work. .
The. Canadian’ ald effort

‘undoubtedly. was .ham-
’ pered by several yeara of
upheayal In the Canadian

Intertiational Development.
Agency: e federal
agency t and turned

- under a wave of criticism

from journalists,
politicians and the federal

suditor-general, watchdog .

of government spending.
Crities clted _ bungled

with.
. UNESCO, says about three

rvesearely |

id problems dwarf all Canada’s jlls

“That's what they | had to
use. LB
Schools and ‘businesses -

seek their own supplies of - -
pure water. -

Guinea worm, a disease-

known as the “fiery

dragon” te Ghanalans;"
Struck villagers outside

Tamale and forced them to
seck help because they
were unable to plant their
crops. Villagers were not
aware they were getting
the disease — which in-
vades the blood stream —
from their water  dupply.

. Douglass said it’s hard to

. convince villagers. that

polluted water is the source
of much of their’. medical .*

problema. ‘Firewood is. vn
scarce 0 people don't want:

projects. ‘and «

- The "' agency . - was
overhauled, clearing up.-
‘most of the administrative

, problems to Parliament's
Batisfaction. But thé in- .

ternal convulsions tended .

-. to bury some of the -

government's aid’ targets ©

“For example, the 1975-80.-.
aid strategy | proposed |
alloy ing ‘ developing,
coun to use, Canadian:

» , ald funds to buy goods from
- Ment itself ‘announced in |

other poor ‘nations rather
than ‘from, ‘Capade, That”
goal has never ‘been. met’.
and federal development ©
agency: executives: have
publicly defended tying. .
Canadian « -financie)
nesistance ~ fo.. ‘buying
Canadian, goods. we
Ald experts say it is in

-the miutual interest of rich
. and poor copntries to work...

out economic” “solutions |
together. Wealthy nations ~.

_re increasingly dependent

on sales. to poor-courtries, ©
whose needs are eriormous:
Decause they are so under
developed.

A 1980: report of the in
dependent commission’ .on

international development
issues, beaded by former,

West German chancellor
Willy Brandt,'. said
European “community”

> ads
, Uninistrative inefficiencies.’

bave to be informed...
, tet

o veal

to use it to boll-water. for _

; Prices shot up while

_ wera closed s0 people éould ~- ‘Douglass was in Ghana.

When she arrived, 8 pound
“ot pork ‘cost about $1.70
Canadian. When sbe left, it
had climbed to $8.38 de-
spite price ‘controls, -
She seid a  Ghanalar
* teacher friend,

so ‘she would look
presentable on the job.
“They weren't peir that I
‘would have bought in
Canada if 1 had the choice,
“One of the wildest’
dreams, a

.who makes °
about §85 a-month, had to
. Spend $1 for a pair of shoes

_ Ghanaian

student could have was. ~:

owning:a pair of sneakers::,
: uber 1 left Ghana, Lleft.
‘practically everything L

had with fri a

. exports te the Third World
Increased 25::per’ cent. -in

“1975: while its ‘sales to the

_ United - ‘States: actually
" dropped...

The Brandt report sald
protectioniem | “endangers
jobs of workers producing
goods for sale to developing

countries, -a. fact often

, missed in discussions of the

threat which imports pase

., -{0 Jobs at home in industri-

alized countries." a
inevitably, ‘discussion of
“ mioat development issues
ends | with . ‘the question:
What. ‘is:
‘possible? =.
Wood: and Harmston

"politically

Suggest that progress. in -

_ helping~ thé. Third. World
will have .to -be gradual,

The parliamentary..sub- —

_, Remmittes said the ppeople
. van +

bli ha

helping: "the developing
‘ workd. A° federal survey
lant year concluded: that.¢9

ee a oat

per cent of Capsdians ©

would like thé foreign aid
budget -- increased or. at

Jeant kept the same...

A “futures secretariat” .

is pain set up. in. the
- federal’ "development

“agency to keep Canadians - :

infornied . on _fevelopment

dla

‘changes seen

OTTAWA (CP) -- Chief
Electoral Officer Jean-
Mare Hamel favors
changing federal election
-Tulea' 90 polls would close
and: ballots would. be

. counted at the, same time

a eemplox

- from coast to coast

' Polls now close at
varying times ‘acrom: the
country because of dif:
ferent time ‘ones. Aa a
result, weaterners turning

| ony their, televisiin sets
after Joeal ‘voting ends -

sometimes face the news
that ‘an - election. has

' wan a majority govern,

ment before votes in the
four western provinces
were counted.

The problem was
complicated when U.S.
television and: radio
etations on the West Coast
broadcast maws of the
Liberal. majority before

received numerous

complaints about the -

_ situation alter the election.

» “Let's be realistic,” said -

el, who manages thé
If you Lve out
Fast have effectively

electoral .

- decided the election, (there
is a feeling of) why vote?”
The election clock could
- bealtered so eastern voters
. began casting their ballots
- later-on election day while
‘weath voted earller to
cancel the effect of the 4%-
hour difference in time
_, Zones scross the country,
sald Hamel. .

The change has already
been suggested in private
‘membera’ billa-introduced
in the Senate- by B.C.

‘Liberal Jack Austin and In,
by:

“the Commons
* Progressive Conservative
David VRilgour, Mr ‘for

Edmon

‘Ham ai ne sould be
out of Ine in recom-
inending the changes
because it ia a political
issue. . However, he 1s
‘willing to outline the dif-
ficulties and said his office |
has “alresidy stared ch the

solutions” .
One problem could be
‘with the’ present law whieh:
' > pequires employers to
‘ensure that workers have’

_the East and at the usual -
“time la the West, most
westerners would require
time off to vote while nidat
eesternera could vote after
work. And if reduced
voting hours were part of
the solution, the number of
‘polls would have to be

" troduced

JEAN-MARC HAMEL =

Lowly snowshoe. boosts town

OXFORD HOUSE, Man.
(CP) — Trapper Robert
Weenusk has. turned fo

using his skills id the an-

clest art of - snowshee

* making to help spur the

economy -of this - renlote
northern Manitoba Indian

dame ining * community,

” tnerensed and costs would :

ise, said Hamel.
The government in.

Monday to reduce the
minimum length of federal

election campaigns to” 4! -

days from the present 60,

° The amendment to the.

Canada Elections Act -
shortens the election period" -
by dispensing with the
requirment that pre-
Hminary lists of voters be

. _, Beat, to every household.

The change is partly
designed . to -end
harassment of those,
mostly women, ‘who
became easy targets for
nasty phoné, calls because
thelr names and addresses

"were published. «

Anstead of voting lists,
enumeration cards would
he sent to individual voters
who must check thal the
information is correct.

‘Hamel said the amend.

ment also will allow voters
unable to be in their ridings
on election day te cast their
ballots in the offices of
returning officers as many
as three works before.

legislation -

Weenusk, 54, teaches the
craft to-.16 Indian ap-
preatices in the factory

that bears” his "name, ,

" Weenusk Wood Products
Lad.
The factory, ‘started

eight months ago af 8

‘Local Employment
Assistance “Project, also
makes pthet products such
‘gy kitchen counters and
wooden sleighs.

‘The Oxford House Indian
Hand received $270,000

- from the federal LEAP

‘program to cover con-
Hzvetion: of the ‘building,
“wages and hiring of a
consultant.

. Hand Chief Eric Chubs
says the ‘hopes of. the
communily ride om: . the

clory. v
“When ~ bi first became

_ chief three years ago, the
one thing | wanted was to
get work for our people,
he raid. “Right now, we've
, got 1? men working at the
- factory. This could go up to
so when it hits full
. But there's still
300 able-hodied people who
don’t. have'jobe."
' He said the community,

atiout “200 kilometres
southeast of Thompson,

hopes the factory can earn
‘enough inoney “that we

- ean start. off other small

businesses like a store and

a restaurant,”
|

In the firat three maith La

of production, the plant has
manufactured 600 pairs of
snowshoes, So far, 500 pairs.
have been‘ sold, Including
150 to Hudson Bay Co. and
Canadian Tire Ltd.

i Colon says

‘Plant manager Bailey.
‘ the operation -
‘fails on

stands or

a ee

snowsboes a month,

Colin 1s bt oa

FORT NELSON, : B.C.
(CP}.— A manhunt is
“underway, in. nor-
“theastern ‘British
Columbia for a todern-
day Buffalo Bill,

They don't know his .
identity but: residents
have fteacted with
Yorkshire-Ripper.. ‘
outrage.

“The sisughter of one
of our little wood buffalo
by the. Muskwa River
Bridge has touched the
heart of everyone in’
' town,’’ sald Judith
Kenyon, publisher of the
Fort Nelson News.

“Citizens have already
contributed more than
$2,000 for information
leading to the kiber.'’

Police and wildlife
Officials believe the
animal was shot by a
local resident because all
four quarters and the
héad were taken after it

__MODERN-DA Y BUFFALO BILL
- OBJECT OF HUGE MANHUNT

was skinned. .
The buffalo arrived in

"Fort Nelson last summer:
~ in’ what reaidents call

Trudeau's folly.

Kenyon said. the folly
started last summer

> when federal gay-
etnment. officials
decided to move 65 wood.
buffald from . Wood

Buffalo National Park In

northern Alberta and the

Northwest Territories to

anew park on the South

Nahanni River, about 500

kilometres northeast of
Fort Nelson.

“The animals were
transported by truck and
river barge to the
Nahanni which has be-
eome a summer:
playgrowd for top civil
servants from (itaws ©
who are flown in and out
by ' at exor-
bitant costs,” says
Kenyon. ;

' dred yeara ago and

"Aa soon as they were

- snowshoe

released, 1 of: the

‘animale ‘took off in.

x. few made their way
‘to Fort Simpson.
» “Eight of the animals
‘arrived here Inst
Christmas and seemed
contented to stay. They”
are not (ame but people |
can walk up to them and
take pictures.”
Kemyon said
negotiations were then
started between the
provincial wildlife
branch and Ottawa w
have this herd kept in the::

_ Fort Nelson aron'where "+

there is a good habitat

for them,
“They were native to

this srea. several bur

should be easy. to
reabilicale. "

oe

Reach boy. 7a ge OE NO A Ld Se SO

$200,000 grant this year to
_ buy a steam machine and

, other equipment needed to

pull! up production... Le
“Ones we get. our

‘stowshoes known. and

~ Feobgnized, they'll go.”

~ Meanwhile, |

Weenusk says his young :

apprentices are slowly *

trapper .

learning the trade of 2

* Although diey are slow, he :
says the end product will be :

making. i

i

“hapd-to beat anywhere.” :

to shape into a frame.
Tt takes three to four
' days to dry the frames. The

' drying is done in/a two.

storey frame building *

_ brated -by.a stove. that

the plant for assembling.
- Most of the webbing is

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