“R USSIA has rendered an incomparable service to the common cause .. .

The Great Alliance must
be rebuilt for peace

By HEWLETT JOHNSON
Dean. of Canterbury

my

heart bled for Russia. I have felt... the intense desire that we should be suffer-
ing with her and that we should take more weight off her.”

In these words, Mr.

Winston Churchill expressed the

thoughts and feelings of

the mass of his fellow-countrymen when Russia bore the whole brunt of war. He pledged
the pooling of all our resources. He promised that all technical aids of war should be

shared with our Allies.

Compare that promise with
the prolonged secrecy over the
atom bomb, and contrast the
spirit with the spirit of the Ful-
ton speech and the talk of many
lesser men,

LOWLY and imperceptibly
change has taken place. The
sufferings of Russia, her share
in the commen victory, the rela-
tive proportion of the cost, sink
into the background, and men in
the street are even encouraged
to regard Russia as a potential
enemy,

When I left asian in April,
1945, when Russia was battling
at the walls of Berlin, the Bri-
tish press still echoed with
praise and gratitude.

Returning three months later,
I was shocked at the change.
Emphasis on the cost had re—
ceded; criticism was prominent.

In the meantime I had sad
evidence of the cost in Stalin-
grad, Kharkov, Rostov . . . Len-
ingrad, alone, lost more Civilian
lives than our total British
losses, military and civilian.

The change in the tone of
press and speech was the more
vivid in contrast to what I had
seen.

What caused the change?

During the war unity was the

dominant note. Today it is dis-
aniis, Why?
Hear, Fear is the root cause.
Fear for loss of possessions.
Fear=for loss of power and prop-
erty.

ie possessing classes fear
Socialism and Communism.

They fear loss of power.

Personal fear culminates in
imperial fear, as when Mr. Bey-
in urged that Russia’s claim to
share control of Italy’s’ African
colonies was cutting across the
throat of the British Empire.

‘We take unction for abandon-
ing Egypt. But we move next
door and hold Tobruk and Ben-
ghazi; retaining our grip through
fear.
' There is parallel fear on Rus-
sia’s side. Fear prompts Russia’s
attitude toward her immediate
neighbors.

From the west or south, at-

tack has invariably come; the
Swedes under Augustus Adol-
phus; the French under Napo-

leon; the Germans under Hitler
and the Kaiser. Ourselves and
many more after World War Tf.

And attack was rendered easy
through the hostile nature of
neighboring states.

it is fear that prompts Rus-
Sia to be assured that the gov-
ernments of all her neighbors
shall be friendly governments.

The atom bomb augments her
fears.

The atom bomb will not intim-
idate her. Russia has never lack-
ed courage. But the atom bomb
causes a tightening of all her
defense measures and quickens
her quest for the secrets of atom-
ic power, which will not long
elude her scientists.

Suspicion augments fear and
Russian suspicions of our pro-
testations grow inevitably, with
the revelation that even Mr.
Churchill’s emphatic assertion
that we should share all techni-

PACIFIC TRIBUNE — PAGE

rs

HEWLET JOHN SON
“. . . the British workingciass
have not yet said the last
word.”

cal discoveries with our Allies —

did not prevent prolonged re-
search and final achievement
of the most effective technical
weapon of war being kept, as it
is still kept, a profound and un-
Shared secret. a

Wor are Russian fears de-
creased by the chain of airbases,
from Greenland and Iceland and
throughout the whole Pacific,
which America seeks and has
secured. g

OW can unity be
and secured?

restored

Only by the removal of fear
and suspicion. And wise states—
manship will aim at their re-
moval, especially in relation to
the atom bomb.

The piacing of the bomb, with
no power of veto to its use, in
the hands of an international
body, in which Britain with her
colonies and her sterling block
of nations and America backed
by the Latin states of America
and Europe, hold the voting
power and may at any moment
line up against her, offers small
promise of removing MRussian
fears.

Wor does the unhappy hand-
ling of the Persian-Azerbaijan
situation by the Anglo-American
dominated Security Council help.

The sequel to the Persian dis-
pute in an agreement between
Azerbaijan and the Persian gov-
ernment which the Times hails
as a model agreement, reflects
no credit on UNO’s action in
keeping alive the Persian ques-
tion.

Tf the spirit which kept it alive
continues there is no hope of
peace.

And if the world is to be split
into two major factions—the So-
viet Union with countries sym-
pathetic to her on the one hand,
the U.S. and all countries seek-
ing refuge against “dangerous
thoughts” by isolating Socialist
and Communist Russia on the
other hand, war is inevitable.

ERE need be no war.
But if war is to be avoided

we must change our foreign
policy.
We cannot hope to influence

the Wall Street element in the
U-S.; we can influence our own
foreign policy, with which, de-
spite the success of Mr. Bevin's

12

oratory at Bournemouth, very
many are ill at ease.
The British people and the

British working class have not
yet said the last word.

But they must hasten to say
it if peace is to be secured.

Russia can neither be ignored
nor overridden. Russia’s indus-
trial achievements are now guar-
anteed; her unity is patent;
her potential manpower equals
that .of Britain and her Colon-
ies, Germany, France and the
US. all put together.

To drive what Mackinder called
the “great world island,” ‘with
its immense manpower, its il-
limitable natural resources and
its power always to fight on in-

terior lines, into isolation, or
to challenge it, is folly and in-
Sanity.

Russia can be terrible as a
foe. She can be stalwart and
firm as a friend. And Russian
people seek friendship. They seek

peace. Wise statesmanship can
secure it.

But its ‘assurance needs 2
change in our foreign policy.

S imperialism starts
new China civil war

HERE is civil war in
China. Scores of lend-
lease Mustang, Lightning
and Thunderbolt fighters,
and bomb-laden Mitchells

take off daily from the Chi-
nese capital to participate
in the- ruling Kuomintang
partys attack on opposition
forces.

Eight former United States
naval vessels, including two de-
stroyer escorts, are defending
Wanking on the Yangtse River.
The U.S. government is rein-
forcing the American-supplied
Wanking government troops by
keeping American Marines along
the Peiping-Mukden Railway,
where at one place on July 13
seven Marines were captured
and later released.

The staff correspondent of
the Christian Science Monitor
(Boston) in Shanghai reported

. on July 16 that one of the prob-

lems “facing both General Mar-
shall and Dr. Stuart (the new
American Ambassador) are

charges that the United States
policy and the presence of Am-
erican troops in China has done
much to delay China’s progress
toward internal peace.” This
Shanghai dispatch continued:

“For some time, Communist and

liberal quarters have contended
that American aid to the Cen-
tral Government has helped to
intensify the military strife be-
tween the factions and has made
it more difficult to find a firm
basis for negotiations, The ar-

gument, in essence, is that while
General Marshall is trying to _
bring the two parties together,
this government gives aid and
comfort only to one side—Nan-

king. This contention . . . is —
being heard more widely and
frequently today — and not in-

Communist and liberal circles
alone. Numerous demonstrations:
have taken place in- Shanghai ~
and elsewhere, chiefly aimed -at —
driving home the one-sidedness
of American military and tech- 2

-ieal aid, and concluding ‘with

demands for withdrawal of Am-—

erican © troops.’’ 5

Madame Sun pointed out “the
present crisis is- not a question
of who wins, the Kuomintang or
the Communists. It is a question
of the Chinese people, their
unity and livelihood. It cannot
be settled by balancing armies
or bargaining for this city and
that territory. Not party rights,
but human rights, hang in the
balance.”

American businessmen are
also well aware of the foolish-
mess of the present U.S. policy
toward China. The Wall Street

Journal, in an editorial on July
24, commenting on Madame
Sun’s statement. said: “Horeign

loans and foreign armies can
only hinder the Chinese people
final answer. Ma-

good as says the

in giving the
dame Sun as
United States
blood and substance in a hope-
less attempt to help unify China.
We suspect she is right.”

is squandering its

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