Base tour THE PEOPLE’S ADVOCATE

The Stream of Life i

hands on the defect to about half his children and it never skips a Seneration. The abnormality has been handed down for a long time; and there is another branch of

February 2.

||SHERWOOD WI

LONDON’S AIR DEFENSE EQUIPMENT

Hiere’s another inter- esting contribution

from the worid-fam- Gardom Charges Vc}

Influenced by Bis

ous Eritish scientist | this Welsh family in the United i istri

on the mysteries of | Stes = Milk Distributors

heredity. FE, however, two short-fingered £ D peer oss as se arm. en as

people marry, things are more serious. Qne in four of their chil- dren get two genes for finger growth and are quite normal. One half get one gene, and are short- fingered.

But one in four gets no genes for finger growth at all, and is born a hopeless cripple with no fingers or toes, and other deform- ities.

Quite a lot of human defects are handed down in this way, that is to say, Never skipping a generation

By PROF. J. B.S. HALDANE, FERS

EF WE are to understand the facts

of heredity, we must first know a little about their physical basis.

Living beings can reproduce in two ways—with and without sex- ual union. The first sort of repro- duction, found in plants propagat- ed by cuttings, and in insects such as the green fly, where the female reproduces her kind without 2 male, almost always gives progeny like the mother.

reason for election of E.

Sherwood as the represen! tive of independent produce on the directorate of the Sin | Milk Marketing Agency ¢/ week by a vote of 375 as agai | 275 for Basil Gardom, presiden

the Independent Millk Produc Cooperative Association. .

The charge was made by Gar 3 as he was notified of the res | of the balloting which had $i

5 ae and going to half the children. Tt kind involv t a : = ieee EOS te TERONVES 58 Several kinds of paralysis devel- proceeding for several days. + : eping in middle life, and some : ae a Se : : caine 6 WES ily pssdhess 2a Ges seit iiinds ef blindness, are examples; - sult of Spe oe

which may be large like a bird’s egs; barely visible to the naked eye, like a rabbit’s or woman’s egg;

Stated,. “because it was brouz about by distributor inflmence /| the farmer’s vote. i

though we rarely know what hap- pens if two abnormal people

or only visible with the microscope, like some insects’ eggs.

The father produces a cell which is almost too smali to see, a swim- ming spermatozoon in animals, 2 pollen grain in plants. These unite, and the new cell grows and divides, until we may get a large plant or animal made of miullions of cells.

e@ 4 ads in esch generation the stream of life goes back about a thousand million years to the stage of the singie-celled animais and plants from which we are de scended.

A thousand million years of evo- lution are negated.

But then follows the negation ef the negation. The single cell be- eomes a many-cellied animal or plant. Every Marxist will expect to find novelty arising. And so it does.

If you divide a geranium plant or a potatoe, or take a graft from an apple tree, you get plants like the original. If you grow its seeds, you get something rather different from the parent, generally much less useful to man.

Since the egs is so much larger than the pollen grain or sperm, one might expect, if heredity has a ma-

terial basis, that the offspring would always resemble their mother much more than their

father. This is not so in Many eases. The material basis of hered- ity is found in a part of the cell called the nucleus which is 19 bigger in the egg than the sperm- So

WEN a cei divides into tyo,

for example in the human skin, where this is constantly hap- pening to replace losses, the nu- eleus divides first, and we can See with a microscope that it is organ- ized into a definite mumber of tiny threads called chromosomes, 45 in a man or woman, 42 in a wheat plant, 26 in a frog, i4 in a pea, and so on.

Hach chromosome divides into two, so the new -cell has the same number. ;

But when the eggs or male sex- ual cells are being formed, the number is halved and made up again when the two cells join up.

Thus, of a woman's 48 chromo- somes, 24 come from her father and 24 from her mother.

The two sets are so alike that we cannot tell them apart with 2 microscope; but they may carry different genes, as the units con- ecrned in heredity are called.

e “ ET us see what a gene means.

Every ordinary person, at a particular point in one pair of chromosomes, “has a gene con-

cerned in making his fingers Srow-. But one family in North Wales in- eludes a number of people witn short fingers, though quite healthy.

They have a gene for finger growth from one parent; but in the set of chromosomes derived from the other parents this gene is absent, or at least not active.

One gene for finger growth is nearly as good as two, but not quite. So their fingers are short.

Tf such a person has children by a normal husband or wife, all the ehildren will get a gene for finger growth from the normal parent. Half of them, on the average, get a normal gene from the short- fingered parent, and have normal fingers. But half of them get a growth from one parent only, so their fingers are short.

marry. 3s

T IS te peopze with such defects

as these that the slogan “‘steril- ize the unfit” could best be ap- plied. But most congenital ail- ments are inherited in other ways ef which I will write later.

And even in these cases things are not always simple.

Cataract is a disease where the lens of the eye becomes opaque, and it may cause fairly complete blindness. Many old people get it, but where it develops in childhood, it is usually inherited in this way.

In a family with cataract we often find that the degree varies. Thus in one Dorsetshire family 2 woman went blind with if. ~ She gave it to one of her sons, but it was very mild, and did not pre- vent him from being a skilled worker.

But one of this man’s sons had it so badly that he had to be op- erated on as a baby.

Se

EF BUGENISTS say this man should have been sterilized, they are advocating the sterilization of

the fit In any case there are two alter- natives to sterilization, namely, eelibacy and birth control. It is typical of the outiook of many eugenists that they do not advo- cate these remedies. But many sufferers from: congenital diseases ef this kind voluntarily avoid having children. And in a properly educated community, I believe that aimost all of the few hundred peo- ple per million with serious trans- missable defecis would avoid par-—

enthood.

New Vvestminster Riay Order Fireboat

NEW WESTMINSTER, Feb, 22 —Survey of industrial waterfront properties will be conducted short- ly by City Council before placing | its order for 2 new $60,000 fire boat | which may be equipped as an ice- breaker.

The proposals were entertained at a meeting in the city hall of Mayor F. J. Hume, Ald. William Matthew, fire department chair- man, Fire Chief Davidson, K. KK Reid, chairman of the Board of Harbor Commissioners, EF. F. Dow- ling, BC Fire Insurance Under- writers’ agent and other insurance agents. €

Should the boat be operated by the fire department a reduction of 10 to 20 percent in insurance rates could be had, F. F. Dowling sug- gested, but no fZuarantee could be made if the industries operated the boat.

Courtenay School Estimates Announced

COURTENAY, BC, Feb. 23—Op-

erating expenses of the school board were estimated at $28,259 which includes an increase in

of of at

teachers’ salaries over last year $450 and extraordinary expenses $1100. Revenues are estimated $10,869.

The increase in teachers’ salaries follows the adoption of a new wage scale which fixes a maximum of $2000 for high school principal, $1500 for vice-principal and $1400 for teachers. Public school maxi- mum rate is $1300.

The secretary of the board was instructed to write the City Coun- cil advising that a six-room junior

Thus a sShortfingered person

high school should be considered.

Leslie Hore-Belisha (right center), Britain’s minis ter of war, visits one of the mobilization stores in Essex where complete equipment for searchlight battalions and anti-aircraft brigades is kept in readiness for the day when Prime Minister Chamberlain’s treachery may unleash war on the British people.

% SSS

Horse And Buggy Days Back

Langley Council Miay Use Horses For Gravel Hauls

Special to the Advocate

LANGLEY, BG, Feb. 23—A re turn to the “good old” horse and buggy days was seen here this week as the Langley municipal council decided to make an effort to purchase three dump carts in Vancouver at an approximate ex-— penditure of $100 for use on road work.

Councillor MacAulay had pre- viously visited Vancouver and re- ported to the last Council meet-—

ing that there were “plenty of second-hand carts to be ob- tained.”

Residents here received the

news with amusement tempered with bitterness. Many charge that the Council’s return to horse and bugey days is in line with its entire attitude on a number of other matters, and that in- stead of trying to meet the muni- cipality’s problems, “they fold up and complain the world is movy- ing too fast.”

in line with the frequently re- actionary stand taken by Goun- eil members, citizens learned this week that relief recipients had been required to work for their Christmas bonus check, though in all other centers, as far as can be learned, the bonus was issued as a direct contribution from the government.

Replying to a question on the matter, the Reeve declared the payment was not in the nature of a bonus, but was given in the way of an extra day’s pay for an extra day’s work.

Council endorsed the appeal of the Pacific Coast Fishermen’s Union for a resolution urging re- moval of fish traps at Sooke, Vancouver Island.

Empress Theater Concert For Mac-Paps

Folk songs by several Vancouver national groups will feature a con- cert arranged by a number of youth clubs in the Empress The-

ater this Sunday, Februars: 26 at 8 pr. Grandview Community Center,

young Canadian Croatians, Fin- nish, Ukrainian and Russian groups will participate in the even- ing’s entertainment with folk songs, dances, 2ymnastic displays and orchestral selections.

Part of the proceeds will be con- tributed to the emergency fund to rehabilitate the veterans of the Mackenzie-Papineau Battalion just returned from Spain.

Dangerous Road Keeps

Pupils Away From School

Special to the Advocate CHILLIWACK, BC, Feb. 23—Students in the Ryder district, some nine miles from here, may be denied the oppor- tunity of attending Chilliwack high school as a result of a re- port submitted to school boards opposing the use of the new

school buses to transport pupils.

The matter is now being studied by members of the Chilliwack school boards.

The Ryder Lake area lies within the municipality of Chilliwack and has some 300 settlers, many of them in receipt of $10 monthly re- lief allowance and a few of them pensioners. Majority of residents have very little land cleared and there is considerable poverty, one ef the settlers, known as “Old Dan,” having died recently partly through malnutrition. Many live by cutting cordwood and picking fir cones.

The report opposing the bus service was submitted by Sergeant H. G. MacDonald, school bus in- spector, who in company with Trustee E. S. Pearson went over the Ryder Lake road two weeks ago. He declared that “in the in- terests of safety the new buses should not be operated.”

“The narrowness of the road, which is of a mountainous type, to- gether with the fact that other vehicles such as logging trucks with timber, trucks with firewood are constantly using the road, leads me to believe that this route should not be considered as part of the proposed school bus route,” Sergeant MacDonald’s report states.

Costigan Speaks Here March 10

Scheduled to speak here on Fri- day, March 10, is Howard Costi- fan, executive secretary of the Washington Commonwealth Fed- eration, one of the most powerful

progressive organizations of the Pacific Northwest. : Costigan is not a stranger to

Vancouver audiences, having spok- en to a number of large meetings here and is highly appreciated for bis keen analysis of political and economic questions. He is also known to thousands who have en- joyed his radio talks on current topics.

“Japan’s Threat to Our Demo- eracy” together with the highlights of the Lima conference will be the subject matter of Costigan’s ad- dress at the Auditorium, Georgia and Denman. This is a timely topic in view of the economic and industrial penetration of the Jap- anese and the charges of espion- age heard from time to time.

The meeting is sponsored by the Chinese National Salvation League and tickets are available at Room 17, 615 West Hastings. A special collection will be asked for the medical aid fund for China’s refu- gees and war wounded.

SEMI-DISPLAY CLASSIFIED

+ BILLIARDS

MT. PLEASANT BILLIARD HALL

and BARBER SHOP Everything in Smokers’ Supplies Cigars — Cigarettes Pipes Lighters — Ete. 2341 MAIN STREET

DENTISTS

Dr. W. J. Curry

DENTIST

608 BIRKS BLDG. Phone Sey. 3001

iy ye DS EoHASTINGS.

BARRISTER

| GARFIELD A. KING

BARRISTER, ETC.

| 553 Granville St. Sey. 1324 | Vancouver, B.C.

| | | | |

PUBLICATIONS.

f f p p p p # f p p p p f # f 6 p s i) p p () p §

WEDISH PEOPLE in British Columbia should read and support their own newspaper ..

Nya Svenska Pressen Now Only $1.00 per Year Office: 144 West Hastings Street

AUVGUVXC VC BVT SSE SBCEVewetexseuv=ss ss

SA EBREKR EHH OGY A SEBREBRABRHEEA ES

Millworkers — Shingleweavers— Loggers ... Tune in — Green Gold Program, CJOR, every Tuesday, 7:45 p.m.

“The B.C. Lumber Worker” $2 Year, $1.10 6 Mos., 60c 3 Mos. Organ of the Lumber & Sawmill Workers’ Union

130 W. Hastings St. - Vancouver

STEAM BATHS

Lake

The road is said to be only nine feet wide most of its length while the overall width of the buses are eight feet.

Ryder Lake people are opposed to any attempt to prevent their children from attendine the hizh school, and while agreeing that the

road as it stands is dangerous, maintain that the municipality should provide a better route

rather than attempting to shelve the matter.

tion did not have a chance to gs control of his own product up | the time that it would be retail © We are not finished yet fey attempt to gain farmer control product and price and intend secure reconciliation in the cou

have always been my sole obje tive.” :

Producers’

“The dairy farmer in this eh

in

try. Restoration of farmer crec and the value of his produce

in the election for the represer ative of the Fraser Valley Mi Association, W. =; Park, Pitt Meadows farmer, wi | voted into office with 1020 balic over R. B. Swailes.

Both Sherwood and Park w serve on the board of directo along with a third member wi will be jointly nominated by f © two elected members.

HANEY, BC, Feb. 23—Expens ture of approximately $25,000 fi improvements to Maple Rid} © Park under the federal and pr ¥ vincial unemployment relic’: scheme is planned in conjunctic with the municipality. Councilk W. H. Ansell proposed the uppt section should include a ball par and playing field.

CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING

fw

ADVERTISING RATES Classified, 3 lines 35c. Weekly contract rates on application.

BARBERS : EMPRESS FOR SERVICE — i114 BE. Hastings St S. Edwartsen, H. Backstrom.

BICYCLES AND REPAIRS

BICYCLES, NEW AND USED — Baby Carriages, Sulkies, Doll Car- riagzes, Joycycles. Repairing of all kinds. Saws filed, keys cut, etc. W. M. Ritchie, 1569 Commercial Drive. High. 4123.

BOOKS

UNDERSTAND THE QUESTIONS of present day events applied to a great institution; read the facts from beginning to present of America’s ‘Flivver King,’ in short story form. Pick it up at 50A EF. Hastings Street.

CAFES

THE ONLY FISH — ALT KINDS of Fresh Sea Food. Union House. 20 Bast Hastings St.

CHIMNEY SWEEPING MAIN FLUE

$1.50 CLEANS Pipes, Furnace, Stove. Licensed. Fraser 370. CHIROPRACTORS

WM. BRAIDWOOD, D.Cc., NERVE Specialist. 510 West Hastings St. Sey. 2677. Evenings, High. 2240.

DANCES

EMBASSY BALLROOM, Davie at Burrard. Old Time Dancing, Tues., Thurs., Sat Ambassadors Orch.

DENTISTS DR. A. J. SIPES, DENTIST Plate Specialist. Lowest Prices. 680 Robson St, Trinity 5716.

FOR SALE

USED CARS — LATE MODELS— Priced around $150. Easy terms. White Spot Service Station, 8091 Granville St, phone Marpole 683. Res., Marpole 365-=x.

EUEL

NATUROPATHIC PHYSICIAN .

DR. H.C. ANDERSON—ALTL NA ural methods of treatment, suc’ as diet, massage manipulati a ostecpathy and electrotherap Free consultation and examin: tion. 768 Granville St. Sey. 532

DR. DOWNIE HAS OVER 4 years’ experience in healing di €ase. See him first. Room 4 163 West Hastings St.

OILs OILERY — 2 QTS. CALIFORNIS | 25¢c; Russian Oi], per qt. 25 Penn Oils per at. 30c. 865 Kings | way. |

PERSONAL

DENTAL PLATES REPATRED $5 and up. Rebuilt $1 and up | New Method Dental Lab., 163 W . Hastings St. Sey. 6612. :

THE PLACE TO MEET YOUR friends — Europe Poolroom, 26 East Hastings St.

1 POOLROOMS |

RADIOS ; WASHERS, RADIOS, FRIGL DATRES — Easy terms. Geo.

Meikle, 1010 Davie St. Sey. 9025

FOR RENT—HALLS

FOR RENT—For socials, partes, meetings, upper floor Orange Hall, 431 Gore Ave. Sey. 6537.

ROOMS FOR RENT a: ALBERTA ROGMS — Housekeep- ing, sleeping; every convenience. Reasonable rates. 655 Robson St. cor. Granville. Sey. 435. A. Haga, Prop. RICE BLOCK, 800 East Hastings. High. 29. Furnished Suites and Rooms. Moderate rates.

SAWDUST BURNERS

GENUINE “LEADER” BURNERS, 323 Alexander St, at Ray's. Douglas 390.

SHOE REPATRS

JOHNSON’S SHOE REPAIRS = All work guaranteed. Reasonable prices. 10564% W. Pender Street.

HONEST VALUE FUELS—FATR. 469. Edgings No. 1, $3.25 per cord. Slabs, Heavy Fir, $3.75 per cord.

Hastings Steam Baths

Always Open Expert Masseurs in Attendance

High. 240 7164 EK. Hastings

—/

(ee

STUDIOS

MS Be wBEeEaexcr eee aes Eee SEEsue De

WAND STUDIO

3 E. Hastings St. Sey. 1763-R

WE PHOTOGRAPH ANYTHING, ANYTIME ANYWHERE

Passport Photos While You Wait

RRM MRMR SURGES ABEAUEEBasas

HELP WANTED, FEMALE

HOUSEKEEPER, GOOD COOK Sleep out. Apply P, Advocate.

STATIONERY

IF YOU NEED STATIONERYT for school, home or office use, get it at the New Age Bookshop. Anything in ‘the line of stationery at moderate prices. Call at 504 East Hastings Street.

MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS REPAIR STRING, BRASS, REED

TYPEWRITERS AND SUPPLIES

GEO. DONOVAN Typewriters, Adding Machines Cash Registers.

MAIN MONUMEN TS— SAVE money here. Eistimates for ceme- tery lettering. 1920 Main Street.

instruments, accordions, concer-

tinas. Bows repaired. W. Nez- Sey. 9893. 508 West Pender St

dropa, High. 3657. TAILORS MONUMENTAL M. DONG, TATLORS, formerly

Horseshoe Tailors now at S West Cordova Street. Trin. 6024

UNIFORMS

Patronize Our

f

f

p

i

p p f f f p § p p p f p p f f f f U U p

OVERALLS, UNIFORMS — ALT kinds, made to measure. Patterns designed. Yukon Uniform Co,

Advertisers!

i Hast Pender St.